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UNIT 7
Lucky Number and Lucky Day
CONTENTS
I TOPIC
LEAD IN
EXPLORING THE TOPIC
II SECTION A
LANGUAGE POINTS
DIFFICULT SENTENCES
III SECTION B
LANGUAGE POINTS
DIFFICULT SENTENCES
IV SECTION C
BASIC WRITING SKILLS
PRACTICLA WRITING
TOPIC
Lucky Number and Lucky Day
I LEAD IN
Do you fee lucky People do lost of crazy things to feel lucky. Like, for instance, when you're about to take a rest or play a sports game, what do you do out of superstition to make sure you'll win Wear a certain pair of socks, or maybe no socks at all !! We all do things like that - some events are just too important to leave to chance!
II EXPLORING
What do you say about the following
Black cats are ______ (lucky/unlucky)
Opening an umbrella indoors brings _____ luck.(Good/bad)
Breaking a bowl on New Year's Day brings _____ luck. (Good/bad)
Can you give some examples about superstitions
Why do people believe in superstitions
SECTION A
Get Rich Quick, Marry in May!
I Related Material
Chinese Wedding Preparation
Preparation on the part of the groom involved the installation of the bridal bed on the day before the wedding. A propitious hour and a 'good luck woman' or 'good luck man', that is a man or women with many children and living mates, were selected to install a newly purchased bed. After the bed was in place, children were invited onto the bed as an omen of fertility with the more, the merrier. For the same reason, the bed was scattered with red dates, oranges, lotus seeds, peanuts, pomegranates and other fruits. Part of the fun was watching the children scramble for the fruit.
II Language Points
1. envelope
n. [C] a flat paper container for a letter 信封
[例] a nice envelope 一个不错的信封
[例] She put the money in an envelope. 她把钱放在信封里.
2. wedding
n. a marriage ceremony, especially with a party or meal after a church service 婚礼(包括举行教堂仪式及之后的聚会或喜筵)
[例] Have you been invited to their wedding 你被邀请参加他们的婚礼了吗
[例] I'm going to my brother's wedding tomorrow. 我明天参加我弟弟的婚礼.
3. meanwhile
adv. (1). during the same period of time 同时
[例] Jane was writing a letter, and meanwhile, Pat was watching TV. 简在写信,而同时帕特在看电视.
[例] Eve was cutting the grass; meanwhile, Adam was planting roses. 夏娃在剪草,亚当在种玫瑰.
(2). in the time between two events 在间隔时间里
[例] They'll be here soon. Meanwhile, we'll have some coffee. 他们即刻就到,我们现在先喝点咖啡.
[例] Meanwhile, life goes on. 在此期间,生命不息.
4. hairdresser
n. [C] a person who shapes people's hair into a style by cutting, setting, etc., and who usually works in a shop (hairdresser's) 美发师;理发师
[例] a famous hairdresser 一位著名的美发师
[例] I've got an appointment at the hairdresser's. 我与理发师预约好时间了.
5. bride
n. [C] a woman about to be married, just married, or recently married 新娘;即将或新近出嫁的女子
[例] a bride-to-be 未来的新娘
[例] The bride wore a beautiful white dress. 新娘穿了一身漂亮的白色礼服.
6. event
n.( 1). [C] a happening, especially an important, interesting, or unusual one (尤指重要,有意思或不寻常的)事件
[例] the chief event of 1992 1992年大事
[例] The new book was the cultural event of the year. 这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事.
(2). [C] any of the races, competitions, etc., arranged as part of a day's sports (一天比赛的)运动项目
[例] The next event will be the 100 meters race. 下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑.
7. emotional
adj. having feelings that are strong or easily made active 情绪激动的;易动感情的
[例] She was very emotional; she cried when her husband left for another city on business. 她很容易动感情,她丈夫到另一个城市出差时她竟然哭起来.
[例] He got very emotional when we had to leave. 当我们不得不离开时,他情绪异常激动.
8. ritual
n. [C; U] one or more ceremonies or customary acts that are often repeated in the same form 仪式(程序);例行习惯
[例] Christmas rituals 基督教仪式
[例] My housework has become a morning ritual. 家务已经成了我早晨的例行公事.
9. superstition
n. [C; U] (a) belief that is not based on reason or fact, but on old ideas about luck, magic, etc. 迷信
[例] break down superstitions 破除迷信
[例] A common superstition in western countries is that it is bad luck for tall buildings to have a 13th floor. (西方)一种普遍的迷信认为高层建筑里设第13层是不吉利的.
10. poem
n. [C] a piece of writing, arranged in patterns of lines and of sounds, expressing some thought, feeling, or human experience in imaginative language 诗;韵文
[例] He wrote a poem about war. 他写了一首关于战争的诗.
[例] Their lives are a poem. 他们的生活是一首诗.
11. female
adj. (typical) of the sex that gives birth to young 女(性)的;雌(性)的
[例] There is a beautiful female elephant in the zoo. 动物园里有一头漂亮的雌象.
[例] the female form 女性的身姿
n. a female person or animal 女性;雌性
[例] We've got three cats — two females and a male. 我们有了三只猫,两只母的和一只公的.
[例] Is your dog a male or a female 你的狗是公的还是母的
12. ceremony
n. (1). [C] a special formal, solemn, and long-established action, or set of actions, used for marking an important social or religious event 典礼;大典
[例] a wedding ceremony 结婚典礼
[例] the Japanese tea ceremony 日本茶道
(2). [U] the special order and formal behavior demanded by custom on particular occasions 礼仪;礼节
[例] the ceremony of shaking hands when introduced 介绍认识时的握手礼节
[例] The head of state was welcomed with full ceremony. 人们以最高规格的仪式欢迎国家首脑.
13. protect
vt. keep safe, especially by guarding or covering 保护;维护
[例] He raised his arm to protect his face. 他举起手臂护住脸部.
[例] protect somebody from danger 保护某人免遭危险
14. couple
n. (1). [C] two people who live or spend time together, esp. a husband or wife 同居的男女;夫妇
[例] young couples 几对年轻夫妇
[例] They're a nice couple. 他们是美满的一对.
(2). [C] two things related in some way; two things of the same kind 一对;一双
[例] We arranged the chairs in couples. 我们一对对地排放椅子.
(3). (informal) a few; several number of (非正式)一些;几个
[例] A couple of girls like to hang out all day long. 几个女孩子喜欢整天在外面逛.
15. veil
n. [C] a covering of thin material or net for the head or face, worn especially by women, often for religious reasons 面纱
[例] In many Muslim countries, the women wear veils. 在许多穆斯林国家,妇女们要蒙面纱.
[例] She wore a veil before she went out. 她出去前先带上了面纱.
16. Greek
adj. of the people, language, art, etc., of Greece 希腊人的;希腊语的
[例] Greek custom 希腊风俗
[例] I like Greek folk songs very much. 我非常喜欢希腊民歌.
17. hide
(hid, hidden)v. (1). put or keep out of sight; prevent from being seen or found; conceal 把……藏起来;隐藏
[例] Where did you hide the money 你把钱藏哪儿了
[例] Cloudshid the stars. 云层遮住了星星.
(2). keep (facts, feelings, etc.) from being known 隐瞒(事实,感情等)
[例] She tried to hide her feelings. 她设法掩饰她的感情.
[例] He is too excited to hide his feelings. 他太激动了以致于无法隐藏他的感情.
18. bridesmaid
n. [C] an unmarried girl (usually one of several) who attends to the bride at a marriage ceremony 女傧相;伴娘
[例] She asked several girls to be her bridesmaids. 她请好几个女孩子作她的女傧相.
[例] The bridesmaid is as beautiful as the bride. 这个伴娘与新娘一样漂亮.
19. scare
vt. cause sudden fear; frighten 恐吓;使惊恐
[例] The small animals were so scared when they saw a tiger walking towards them. 当看到一只老虎向它们走来时,这些小动物吓得像什么似的.
[例] Don't let the noise scare you. 别让那声音把你吓住.
n. (singular) a sudden feeling of fear 惊恐;惊吓
[例] get a scare 吓一跳
[例] What a scare you gave me! 你可真吓了我一跳.
20. consult
vt. go to (a book, a person with special knowledge, etc.) for information, advice, etc. 查阅(书籍等);(向专业人员)咨询
[例] consult the dictionary 查辞典
[例] I consultedGeorge about buying a car. 我向乔治请教购买小汽车的事.
21. economic
adj. (1). connected with trade, industry, and the management of money; of economics 经济(上)的;经济学的
[例] economic circles 经济界
[例] Asia is in a bad economic state. 亚洲经济状况不佳.
(2). profitable 赚钱的;合算的
[例] She let her house at an economic rent. 她以合算的方式把房子租出去.
[例] It is economic to sell your house at such a price. 以这个价钱把你的房子卖出去很合算.
22. reception
n. (1). [C] a large formal party (正式而大规模的)欢迎会;招待会
[例] a wedding reception 一个婚宴
[例] They held a reception to welcome him. 他们举行了招待会欢迎他.
(2). [C] a particular kind of welcome 接待;欢迎
[例] a friendly reception 友好的接待
[例] We received a warm reception. 我们受到了热情的接待.
23. owner
n. [C] a person who owns something, especially by lawful right (尤指合法的)所有人;物主
[例] the owner of the house 房主
[例] The owner of the car wanted to sell it. 车主想卖车.
24. service
n. (1). [C; often plural] a useful business or job that does not produce goods 服务;服务性行业
[例] a TV repair service 电视修理公司
[例] The service industry is flourishing now. 服务性行业如今很繁荣.
(2).[U] attention to customers in a shop or especially to guests in a hotel, restaurant, etc. (商店,尤指旅馆,餐馆对顾客,旅客等的)侍候;服务
[例] room service 客房服务
[例] give good service 服务周到
[例] The service in this shop is always slow; the girls are very lazy. 这家商店的服务总是很慢,那些女孩子都很懒.
vt. examine (a machine) and make any necessary repairs 检修;维修(机器)
[例] service a car 维修汽车
[例] I have the car serviced regularly. 我定期将汽车送厂检修.
25. send out
send from a central point 发出;发送
[例] Make sure you send out the invitations in good time. 注意及时发出邀请.
[例] The satellite issending out radio signals. 卫星正在发射无线电信号.
26. on the other side
(1). on a part, place, or division according to a real or imaginary center or central line 另一边;彼岸
[例] America is on the other side of the Atlantic. 美国在大西洋的彼岸.
[例] the area on the other side of the railroad tracks 铁轨另一边的地区
(2). the opposite side 反面;另一面
[例] The price is on the other side of the book. 价钱在这本书的反面.
27. check off
check by marking (e.g. names or items in a list) as having been dealt with 清点;清查
[例] Please check off these parcels before they are mailed. 这些包裹邮出之前请清查一下.
[例] The young lady is checking offthe files. 这个年轻女子正在清点文件.
28. gather around/round
come together 聚集;会合
[例] Gather around, and I'll tell you a story. 大家坐过来,我给你们讲个故事.
[例] All the students gathered around in front of the building. 所有学生都在这个建筑物前集合了.
29. prepare for
make ready beforehand for a specific purpose 为……做准备
[例] prepare a netfor fishing 准备捕鱼的鱼网
30. protect from
keep safe, especially by guarding or covering 保护免受……;免遭
[例] protect somebody from danger 保护某人免遭危险
[例] He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 他伸出手臂护住脸部免受拳击.
31. hide from
put or keep out of sight; prevent from being seen or found 把……藏起来以防……;躲避
[例] hide oneself fromthe enemy 躲避敌人
[例] I hidthe moneyfromthieves. 我把钱藏起来以防小偷.
32. scare away
cause to go or do something by frightening 吓走;吓跑
[例] The children werescared away by the man's ugliness. 孩子们被这人的丑陋长相吓跑了.
[例] If you make a noise you'll scare away the animals. 你要是弄出声就会把动物吓跑的.
33. try on
put on (a garment,shoes etc.) to test its fit 试穿(衣服,鞋等);试戴(帽子等)
[例] You'd better try on the coat before you buy it. 这件外套你最好先试穿一下再买.
[例] Try it on! 试试看!
III Difficult Sentences
1. Get Rich Quick, Marry in May!
Meaning: If you want to become rich quickly, you should get married in May.
Please notice when two imperative sentences (祈使句) are coordinate (并列), the first sentence can function as an adverbial clause of condition (条件状语从句).
e.g.
Make more money, buy the watch.
赚更多的钱,就买这块表.
Save your time, take a taxi.
要省时间,就搭辆计程车.
2. In Madison, Wisconsin, Kerry is sticking stamps and addressing envelopes.
Meaning: In Madison City, the State of Wisconsin, Kerry is putting stamps on the envelopes and writing names and addresses on them.
3. Meanwhile, on the other side of the world, Wei Yashung is at the hairdresser's in Shanghai, China.
Meaning: At the same time, on the other side of the world, Wei Yashung is waiting to have her hair done at a hairdresser's shop in Shanghai, China.
meanwhile: adv.
1) during the same period of time
同时
Meanwhile, two men had walked into the dining hall.
与此同时,两个男人走进了餐厅.
Mother was cleaning the room, and meanwhile, Father was watching TV.
妈妈正在打扫房间,与此同时,爸爸正在看电视.
2) in the time between two events
在间隔时间里
I will talk to you tomorrow; meanwhile, have a good evening.
我明天和你谈,祝你晚安.
4. It's May 18th, the most popular day to get married in China.
Meaning: It is May 18th. In China, many couples choose this day to get married.
Note that in the sentence, the phrase "the most popular day" is in apposition (同位) to "May 18th".
5. The room is filled with brides preparing for their special day.
Meaning: The hairdresser's room is full of brides who want to have their hair done for their wedding day. (The day is special to them simply because it is their wedding day.)
brides preparing for their special day = brides who are preparing for their special day
6. People begin new lives together and families are joined together.
Meaning: Weddings put couples together to begin a new life, as well as forming close connections between their families.
7. There are a lot of rituals and superstitions at weddings...
Meaning: There are many traditional customs and old ideas about good or bad luck at weddings...
ritual: n. [C; U] one or more ceremonies or customary acts that are often repeated in the same form
仪式;例行习惯
She will go through her usual ritual of making up her face before going out.
她出门前按习惯要化化妆.
superstition: n. [C;U] belief that is not based on reason or fact, but on old ideas about luck, magic, etc.
迷信
A common superstition in China is that red is a lucky color.
红色是吉祥色,这在中国是一种很普遍的迷信.
superstitious: adj. strongly influenced by superstition
迷信的
Some superstitious people believe in ghosts.
一些迷信的人深信有鬼.
8. As Kerry plans her wedding, her aunt and sisters help her check off the things she needs, according to an old custom.
Meaning: When Kerry makes plans for her wedding, her aunt and sisters help her mark things off the list to make sure she has everything. All of this is done on the basis of an old custom.
check off: check by marking (e.g. names or items in a list) as having been dealt with
清点;清查
I checked off the items on the shopping list.
我一一清点购物清单上的项目.
9. They read the traditional poem, "Something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue."
Meaning: They read the traditional poem: "Wear something old, wear something new, wear something borrowed from others, and wear something blue."
10. Female friends and relatives gather around, preparing the bride for the ceremony.
Meaning: Women friends and relatives come together to help the bride get things ready for the wedding ceremony.
gather around/round: come together; gather together
聚集;会合
Gather around, let's play some games.
大家都过来,我们来做游戏吧.
The club members gather around, exchanging ideas and information.
俱乐部成员们聚集在一起,交流思想和信息.
11. Many wedding traditions in western cultures were designed to protect the couple from bad luck.
Meaning: Many wedding traditions in western cultures were created in order to prevent bad luck from befalling the couple.
12. "The wedding veil is a Greek custom, to hide the bride from evil spirits,"
Meaning: Wearing a wedding veil is a custom from ancient Greece. It is used to cover the bride so that evil spirits cannot see her or hurt her.
to hide the bride from evil spirits = (The wedding veil is used) to hide the bride from evil spirits
veil: n. [C] a covering of thin material or net for the head or face
面纱
under the veil of
以…… 为借口
draw a veil over something
把某事掩盖起来
Many Arabian women wear veils.
许多阿拉伯妇女戴面纱.
Greek: adj. & n. (of) the people, language, art, etc. of Greece
希腊人(的);希腊语(的)
The Greeks are friendly to visitors in their country.
希腊人对到他们国家去参观的人很友善.
Greek is difficult to learn.
希腊语很难学.
adj. beyond someone's understanding
难懂的
His writing is Greek to some readers.
有些读者看不懂他的文章.
13. The Romans developed the custom of bridesmaids (i.e. women dressed like the bride) to confuse the spirits.
Meaning: The Romans came up with the idea of having bridesmaids at weddings. The bridesmaids are women or girls who are dressed like the bride so that the evil spirits cannot tell which woman is the bride.
i.e. = (used to add explanatory information or to state something in different words) that is (to say)
bridesmaid: n. [C] an unmarried girl (usually one of several) who attends to the bride at the wedding
女傧相;伴娘
There are six bridesmaids at the wedding.
婚礼上有6位伴娘.
14. Also, some wedding flowers have a strong smell to scare away the evil spirits."
Meaning: Also, some wedding flowers have a strong smell to drive away the evil spirits.
scare: v. cause sudden fear to; frighten
恐吓;使惊恐
be scared to death
吓得要死
The dog scared the thief off.
狗把贼吓跑了.
n.(singular) a sudden feeling of fear
惊恐;惊吓
You really gave me a scare.
你真的把我吓了一跳.
The parents got a scare seeing their baby climbing out of the window.
看见孩子爬出了窗子,父母吓了一跳.
scare away:
吓走 吓跑
Don't speak so rudely, or you'll scare the customers away.
说话别这么粗鲁,不然会吓跑顾客的.
After he scared the dog away, I went over to the house.
他把狗吓跑了以后,我才朝那房子走去.
15. "In the past, Chinese couples consulted a special book to find lucky and unlucky days for getting married"...
Meaning: In the past, Chinese couples got some advice from a special book. The book would tell them the lucky or unlucky days for getting married.
consult: vt. go to ( a book, a person with special knowledge, etc.) for information, advice, etc.
查阅;咨询
Consult a dictionary if you don't know the meanings of these words.
如果你不知道这些词的意思,查查词典吧.
16. The eighteenth day of the fifth month, five-one-eight or "wu yao ba" as it is called in China, sounds very close to "wo yao fa," or " I will get rich."
Meaning: In Chinese, May 18th may read five-one-eight or "wu yao ba", in short. It sounds almost the same as "wo yao fa", which means "I will get rich".
As it is called in China = as May 18th is pronounced in Chinese
Please notice the subject of the sentence is "The eighteenth day of the fifth month" and the predicate (谓语) is "sounds very close to "wo yao fa".
sound close to…: seem almost the same when heard
听上去差不多
The boy made a sound that sounded close to the barking of a dog.
男孩发出了一声听上去像狗叫的声音.
These two words sound close to each other.
这两个词听上去几乎一样.
17. This is considered a good economic sign for any couples getting married on this day.
Meaning: People think that May 18th is a good sign for all the couples who get married on this day: they will get more money in the future.
economic: adj.
1) connected with the trade, industry, and the management of money
经济的
The economic growth this year will be much slower.
今年的经济增长会慢得多.
His family is in a bad economic state.
他家里的经济状况不佳.
2) profitable
赚钱的;合算的
Doing this business is not economic.
做这个生意不赚钱.
My parents decided to sell our old house at an economic price.
我父母决定以合算的价格把家里的老房子卖掉.
18. She is trying on the dress that she is planning to wear later at the wedding reception.
Meaning: She puts on the dress to see if it suits her. This dress is the one she is going to wear later at the wedding party.
try on: put on (a garment, hat, shoes, etc.) to test the fit, examine the appearance, etc.
试穿/试戴(衣服,帽子,鞋子等)
Mother made a shirt for Tom and asked him to try it on.
母亲为汤姆做了一件衬衫,并要他试穿一下.
Mary is trying on the dress that she is going to wear at the graduation ceremony.
玛丽正在试穿她将在毕业典礼上穿的衣服.
19. Hairdressers, and owners of flower stores, restaurants and car services say it's the best day of the year.
Meaning: Hairdressers, flower-store owners, restaurant owners, and car business owners say May 18th is the best day of the year.
owners of flower stores, restaurants and car services = owners of flower stores, owners of restaurants, and owners of car services
owner: n. [C] a person who possesses something, especially by lawful right
主人;拥有者
Who is the owner of this book
谁是这本书的主人
The owner of that house decided to sell it.
那栋房子的主人决定将房子卖掉.
20. They can raise their prices for this one day and their services will still be fully booked.
Meaning: On this special day (May 18th), they can raise the prices they charge for offering services, and yet, in spite of this, a lot of people will still come to use their services.
SECTION B
Here Comes the Bride!
I Related Material
1. Something old symbolizes the connection with the bride's family and the past. Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry or their mother's wedding dress.
2. Something new symbolizes good luck and success in the bride's new life. The bride may wear new jewelry or new shoes.
3. Something borrowed reminds the bride that friends and family will help her when she needs them.The borrowed object might be a best friend's wedding veil, or a beautiful handkerchief.
4. Something blue is the symbol of faithfulness and loyalty. It might be a ribbon or a piece of jewelry.
II Language Points
1. vary
v. (1). be different; have qualities that are not the same as each other (彼此)相异;存在不同
[例] Opinions on this matter vary. 在这个问题上意见很不一致.
[例] Houses vary in size. 各种房子大小不一.
(2). (cause to) become different; change, especially continually (尤指持续地)(使)变化;改变
[例] The weathervariesfrom day to day. 天气一天天变化.
2. symbolize
vt. be a symbol of 象征;是……的象征
[例] A wedding ring symbolizes the union of husband and wife. 结婚戒指是夫妇结合的象征.
[例] Trees symbolize life. 树象征着生命.
3. jewelry
(jewellery BrE) n. [U] body decorations, such as rings, necklaces, etc. 珠宝;首饰
[例] a piece of jewelry 一件首饰
[例] She likes the jewelry box very much. 她非常喜欢这个首饰匣.
4. remind
vt. tell or cause (someone) to remember (a fact, or to do something) 使想起(某事实或做某事)
[例] Remind me to write to Mother. 提醒我给妈妈写信.
[例] Please remind me that I must call her up before nine. 请提醒我9点前给她打个电话.
5. object
n. (1). [C] a thing that can be seen or felt 物;物体
[例] unidentified flying object (UFO) 不明飞行物, 飞碟
[例] Tell me the names of the objects in this room. 请告诉我这个房间里物品的名称.
(2). [C] purpose; aim 目的;宗旨
[例] the object of the game 游戏的目的
[例] She has no object in life. 她没有生活目标.
vi. be against something or someone; feel or show opposition or disapproval 反对(某事或某人);(对……)表示异议
[例] I object to all this noise. 我反对一切噪音.
[例] He stood up and objected in strong language. 他站起来用激烈的言辞表示反对.
6. handkerchief
n. [C] a piece of cloth or thin soft paper for drying the nose, eyes, etc. 手帕;纸巾
[例] a paper handkerchief 纸巾
[例] She always carries a pocket handkerchief. 她总带着手帕.
7. faithfulness
n. [U] the quality of being devoted, as to a person, a cause, or an idea; being loyal 忠诚;诚实
[例] The dog showed faithfulness to his master. 这条狗对它的主人显示了忠心.
[例] His faithfulness moved his friends. 他的忠诚感动了他的朋友.
8. loyalty
n. [U] the quality of being loyal 忠诚;忠贞
[例] The government was sure of the people's loyalty. 政府相信人民的忠诚.
[例] No one could ever doubt her loyalty. 谁也不会怀疑她的忠诚.
9. garter
n. [C] a band of elastic material worn round the leg to keep a sock or stocking up (吊)袜带
[例] put a garter on 戴吊袜带
[例] She always wears a blue garter. 她总戴一条蓝色的吊袜带.
10. ribbon
n. [C; U] (a piece of) silk, or other material, woven in a long narrow band, used for tying things, for decoration, etc. 丝带;缎带
[例] ribbons in her hair 她头发上的发带
[例] Her hair was tied up with a ribbon. 她的头发用一条丝带扎着.
11. groom
n. [C] bridegroom 新郎
[例] bride and groom 新娘新郎
[例] What a handsome groom! 多帅的新郎啊!
12. attend
v. (1). be present at; go to 参加;出席
[例] attend class 上课
[例] I attended a wedding last Sunday. 我上个礼拜天出席了一个婚礼.
(2). go with or be with, especially give protection, help, or care 看护;照料
[例] The queen had a good doctor attending (on) her. 女王有一个好医生在照料她.
[例] He was attended by his bodyguard. 他由他的保镖保护着.
(3). direct one's efforts and interest towards 专心于;致力于
[例] attend to their business 致力于他们的事务
[例] Excuse me, but I have an important matter to attend to. 对不起,我有重要的事情需要处理.
13. France
n. a country in western Europe 法国;法兰西
[例] He has lived in France for ten years. 他在法国生活了10年.
[例] France is one of the most beautiful countries in Europe. 法国是欧洲最漂亮的国家之一.
14. clothing
n. [U] the garments, such as trousers, dresses, shirts, etc., worn together on different parts of the body 衣服;服装 [总称]
[例] an article of clothing 一件衣服
[例] Workers need protective clothing in this workshop. 在这个车间工人们需要穿防护衣.
15. whoever
pron. anyone who 谁;无论谁 (引导名词从句)
[例] Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 违反本法者应予罚款.
[例] I'll take whoever wants to go. 谁要去,我就带谁去.
16. remove
v. (1). take away (from a place) or take to another place 移走;脱掉
[例] remove her jewelry 取下她的首饰
[例] She removed the dishes from the table. 她把盘子从桌上拿走.
(2). get rid of 排除;去除
[例] remove the tumor 切除肿瘤
[例] He tried removing the mud from his shoes. 他试着去掉鞋上的泥.
17. date back to
have lasted or existed since 回溯至……年代;始于……
[例] This church dates back to 1173. 这所教堂是1173年建的.
[例] The custom dates back to the time when men wore swords. 这项习俗始于人类佩带刀剑的时代.
18. Victorian times
the time when Queen Victoria ruled (1837-1901) 维多利亚女王时代
[例] This is a tradition that dates back to Victorian times. 这一传统可回溯至维多利亚女王时代.
19. in the past
at the time before the present 在过去;以前
[例] I made many mistakes in my studies in the past. 以前学习中我犯了很多错.
[例] You can't imagine such things in the past. 以前你无法想像这样的事情.
III Difficult Sentences
1. Here Comes the Bride!
Meaning: The bride is coming!
Note that the word order in the sentence is inverted (倒装). The word "here" is used in the sentence to draw attention to something or someone (用于引起对某物或某人的注意).
Study the following similar sentences:
Here he comes!
他来了!
Here is the dish you have ordered!
你点的菜来了!
2. Although weddings vary greatly from country to country, they are happy events in every culture.
Meaning: Although there are great differences in weddings in different countries, all weddings have one thing in common: they are happy events.
3. This "good luck" saying dates back to Victorian times in the 1800s, and many American brides take it very seriously, following the tradition of the wedding dress.
Meaning: This "good luck" saying has lasted since the time when Queen Victoria ruled Britain in the 1800s. Many American brides are serious about it, too, wearing a wedding dress according to the tradition.
date back to: have lasted or existed since
回溯至 …… (年代);始于 ……
This custom dates back to the 19th century.
这个风俗可以回溯到19世纪.
That style of clothes dates back to the time when women were asking for more freedom.
这种服装式样始于妇女要求更多自由的年代.
Victorian times: the time when Queen Victoria ruled (1837—1901)
维多利亚女王时代
4. Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry or their mother' or grandmother's wedding dress.
Meaning: Many brides wear a piece of jewelry from the family or the wedding dress that their mothers, or even grandmothers, once wore.
jewelry: n. [U] (jewellery, BrE) body decorations, such as rings, necklaces, etc.
珠宝;首饰
This piece of jewelry is the one I like most.
这件首饰是我最喜欢的.
This jewelry box is made of gold.
这个首饰盒是金制的.
5. "Something borrowed" reminds the bride that friends and family will help her when she needs them.
Meaning: Wearing something that is borrowed from a friend or a relative makes the bride remember that her friends and family will help her when she is in need.
needs them = needs their help
remind: v. tell or cause someone to remember ( a fact or to do something)
使 …… 想起;提醒
His words reminded me of the day we first met.
他的话使我回想起我们第一次相遇的那一天.
I must go to a meeting at ten. Will you remind me
我10点钟得去开个会,你提醒一下我好吗
6. "Something blue" is the symbol of faithfulness and loyalty.
Meaning: Wearing something blue shows that the bride is faithful and loyal to her husband.
faithful: adj.
1) full of or showing loyalty
忠诚的;守信的
This is a faithful dog.
这是一条忠实的狗.
She has always been faithful to her husband.
她于自己的丈夫一直忠贞.
2) true to the facts or to an original
如实的;可靠的
Are you sure he gave a faithful account of the accident
你能肯定他如实描述了那场事故吗
His translation of the text is faithful to the original.
他对课文的翻译与原文很贴切.
faithfulness: n. [U] quality of being full of or showing loyalty
忠诚;忠实
His faithfulness to his wife didn't last for a long time.
他对妻子的忠诚并没有持续多久.
7. Often the blue item is the garter worn on the bride's leg.
Meaning: Usually the blue thing for the bride to wear is the garter that is worn on her leg.
the garter worn on the bride's leg = the garter that is worn on the bride's leg
garter: n. [C] a band of elastic material worn round the leg to keep a sock or stocking up
(吊)袜带
Few people in China wear garters.
中国很少有人穿吊袜带.
8. It might also be a ribbon or a piece of jewelry.
Meaning: The blue item for the bride to wear might also be a silky narrow band in her hair or a piece of jewelry.
ribbon: n. [C] (a piece of ) silk, or other material, woven in a long narrow band, used for tying things, for decoration, etc.
丝带;缎带
Wearing ribbons in a girl's hair used to be very popular.
女孩头上系丝带曾经风靡一时.
We need to change the typewriter ribbon.
我们得换打字机色带了.
9. The single woman who catches the flowers is believed to be the next to marry.
Meaning: People believe that if the unmarried woman catches the flowers, she will be the next person to get married.
10. Throwing the garter began in France because pieces of the bride's clothing were considered lucky.
Meaning: The custom of throwing the garter started in France because people believed that any piece of the bride's clothing would bring good luck.
France: n.
法国
Paris is the capital of France.
巴黎是法国的首都.
Red wine made in France is famous for its high quality.
法国出产的红葡萄酒以质优而闻名.
11. The bride would throw the garter to the guests at the wedding and whoever caught it could expect good luck.
Meaning: The bride would throw the garter to the guests at the wedding and any guest who got the garter could hope for good luck.
whoever: pron. anyone who
谁;无论谁
I will award whoever finds the lost book first.
谁先找到丢失的书,我就奖赏谁.
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
无论是谁犯了法,都要受到惩罚.
Please notice the similar use of some other pronouns and adverbs:
Whatever he does, he will be honest.
他不管干什么,都会很诚实.
Wherever I go, I will take a book with me.
无论我走到哪里,都要随身带一本书.
Whenever he calls, she is busy studying.
不管他什么时候打电话来,她都在忙着学习.
However hard he persuaded her, she would not change her mind.
无论他怎么劝,她都不肯改变主意.
12. In the United States, the groom traditionally removes the garter from the bride and throws it to the unmarried men.
Meaning: It's a tradition in the United States that the groom takes off the bride's garter and throws it to the single men at the wedding.
remove: v.
1) take away (from a place) or take to another place; take off
移走;脱掉
He removed his son from the group.
他把儿子开除了小组.
We all removed our coats when we felt hot here.
我们感到这儿很热,就都脱了外套.
2) get rid of
除去
His action removed our doubts.
他的实际行动打消了我们的疑虑.
One student was removed from school for breaking the school rules.
一名学生因为违反校规而被开除.
13. It is also common for those who have received the flowers and the garter to have their photo taken with the bride and groom.
Please notice the structure "It is + adj. + for someone + to do something".
It is necessary for me to pass the exam.
我必须通过考试.
It is important for us to learn English well.
学好英语对我们来说很重要.
Also notice the structure "have + something + done", which means "cause or arrange for something to be done for someone".
Please see the following similar uses:
I must go and have my hair cut today.
我今天就得去理发.
I've got a flat tire on my bike, so I should have it repaired.
我自行车的轮胎瘪了,我得叫人帮我修修.
14. Whatever the bride wears, it is also traditional that she be the best-dressed and most important woman at the wedding party.
Meaning: No matter what the bride wears, the tradition is that she should be dressed the most beautifully and be the most important woman at the wedding party.
Notice that the verb "be" is in the subjunctive mood(虚拟语气) because of the word "traditional", with "should" being omitted (省略).

SECTION C
PRACTICAL WRITING
Letters remain hugely important in our everyday lives. Letters to friends and relatives are called personal letters. A personal letter in English is different in form from such a letter in Chinese.
1. The Heading. This includes the address, line by line,
with the last line being the date. The date is written above the letter,
either in the upper-right or upper-left corner
(above the name of the addressee).
2. The Greeting. The greeting always ends with a comma. The greeting may be formal, beginning with the word "dear" and using the person's given name or relationship. This word is used to show politeness. Or it may be informal if appropriate.
Formal: Dear Uncle Jim, Dear Mr. Wilkins,
Informal: Hi Joe, Greetings,
(Occasionally very personal greetings may end with an exclamation point for emphasis.)
3. The body. Also known as the main text. This includes the message you want to write. The body of the letter is often divided into paragraphs, with one paragraph dealing with one idea or topic. Some people prefer to indent the beginning of every paragraph, leaving a single space between paragraphs(like ); some people like to leave a double space between paragraphs and begin all paragraphs flush from the margin of the sheet.(like )
4. The complimentary close. This short expression is always a few words on a single line. It ends in a comma. It should be indented to the same column as the heading. Skip one to three spaces (two is usual) for the signature line.
5. The signature line. Type or print your name. The handwritten signature goes above this line and below the close. The signature line and the handwritten signature are indented to the same column as the close. The signature should be written in blue or black ink. If the letter is quite informal, you may omit the signature line as long as you sign the letter. If a note has to be added after the signature, it can be written after P.S. which stands for postscript.
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